Perspective as Glasses
A model and metaphor that I've found useful is to think about perspective as though it were a pair of glasses [1]. Like glasses, perspectives intercede between reality and your perception of it. As information comes in, it gets distorted by the perspectives that it passes through, yielding a warped but functional understanding of the world.
[1]Unlike real glasses, you might wear a variety of perspectives all at once. They may work to cancel out each other, or they may work to exaggerate each other (i.e. constructive or destructive interference). Also unlike real glasses, perspectives are hard to remove, and crucially you cannot remove them all. There really is no such thing as having a perfectly undistorted view of the world [1-1]. Because they cannot be removed, and because they intercede between reality and all your perceptions of it, many people fall into thinking that they have a clear, undistorted view of the world, since they don't have an undistorted baseline to compare against.
[1-1]I will immediately eat my hat to point out that psychic clarity → is technically a completely undistorted view of the world. Not many people can attain that, so I'm not going to explore that here.
Some aspects of the world are only visible under certain perspectives, and differing perspectives may even lead to almost-contradictory understandings. Much misunderstanding and ideological difference comes simply from differences in perspective; two people could be looking at exactly the same thing and reach entirely opposite conclusions.
The privileged perspective is the one that is reached as the limit of having all perspectives simultaneously. Two perspectives can interfere in ways that reveal more than either one alone, and so being able to entertain all perspectives at once [2] yields the maximum amount of information.
[2]A distinct mark of wisdom, it might be noted.
When perspectives clash with each other, they create dissonance. Because dissonance is jarring, and results in apparent contradictions, people tend to accumulate perspectives that have high coherence with each other, where coherent views produce little dissonance. Rationalism holds that objective truth would be the joint perspective with no dissonance.
Note [3]
[3]This perspective-as-glasses model can be over-extended in a variety of ways. One would be to ask about the "strength" of a prescription on these glasses. While a person can be more or less heavily reliant on a perspective, glasses of different strength have different distortions, which is not the same thing. Another would be to ask what these glasses are made of; perspectives are not material things.